Superiority of Abu Bakr & Umar is considered by Ali, In Sahih Bukhari. How Shia reject this hadith?

Question:

In Sahih Bukhari, Ali Ibn Abi Talib says that Abu Bakr & Umar were the best after the prophet (PBUH). How Shia reject this hadith?

Answer:

There are a few Hadith in Sunni books that Ali Ibn Abi Talib considers the superiority of Abu Bakr and Umar more than himself, or as the best people after the prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

Let’s look at the source of these Ahadith and then compare with other Ahadith of Sunni books.

1- Hadith about Ali (PBUH) or from him should be common hadith between Shia and Sunni, or be found in Shia sources too or be Motawater, otherwise they are not acceptable.

Usually one of the people who has narrated these Ahadith is unknown or Sunni Scholars have emphasized that he is not trustable. Also these Ahadith are not Motawater. Overall the sources of these Ahadith are weak.

On the other hand at least one hadith like these should be mentioned in Shia sources, but there is no one.

2- Everyone knows that prophet Muhammad never lies and his words are superior to all words even Ali ibn Abi Talib. So how that hadith can be acceptable when the prophet himself has talked about Ali’s superiority to all, over and over?

The prophet says:

• “لو انّ الفیاض اقلام و البحر مدادٌ و الجنّ حسّابٌ و الانس کتابٌ مااحصوا فضائل علی بن ابی طالبٍ”

“ if all trees become pens, and all seas become ink, and all Jinn (elves) become accountant, and all human become writer, they won’t be able to count Ali ibn Abi Talib’s virtues”

(Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Lisan al-Mizan, V 5, P 162. Al-Dhahabi, Mizan-ul-I’teadal, P 467)

• “اعلم امّتی من بعدی علی بن ابی طالب علیه السّلام”

“The wisest nation after me is Ali ibn abi Talib, peace be upon him” (Juwaini, Farāʼid al-Simṭayn, V 1, P 97)

• “علی مع القرآن و القرآن مع علی لن یفترقا…”

“Ali is with Quran and Quran is with Ali, and they won’t be separated…”

(al- Mustadrak, V 3, P 124)

• “یا عمّار! ان رأیت علیاً قدسلک وادیاً و سلک النّاس وادیاً غیره فاسلک مع علی ودع النّاس انّه لن بدلک علی ردی و لن یخرجک من الهدی”

“O Ammar! If you see Ali goes to a way and others go to another way, you should go to Ali’s way and leave the others because Ali does not lead people to bad and inferiority, and he does not people astray from the guidance route”

(al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ta’rikh Baghdad, V 4, P 410. Abu Nu`aym al-Isfahani, Hilyat al-awliya, V 1, P 186)

There are several Hadith from the prophet in Sunni books about virtues of Ali ibn Abi Talib over all.

3- According to the Sunni sources, most of Sahabah (companions of the prophet) have confessed to the superiority of Ali Ibn Abi Talib over all. Such as al-Tirmidhi who has narrated from Aisha bint Abi Bakr that Ali ibn Abi Talib is the most precious one for the prophet.( Jami’ at-Tirmidhi, V 5, P362. Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain, V 3, P 157)

Abdullah son of Ahmad ibn Hanbal ask his father about the superiority of Sahabah after the prophet. Ahmad ibn Hanbal name three Caliphs in turn. Then Abdullah say: so what about Ali ibn Abi Talib?? He answers: Ali is from Ahlul Bayt and nobody can be compared with him. (Manaqib al-Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, P 163)

al-Dhahabi says superiority of Ali ibn Abi Talib is not Bid’ah because a group of Sahabah and Tabi’un (followers of Sahabah) believed in it. (Siyar A’lam al-Nubala by al-Dhahabi, V 16, P 457)

Ibn Hazm has narrated from a group of Sahabah and Islamic scholars that the best one after the prophet is Ali ibn Abi Talib. (al-Faṣl fī al-milal wa-al-ahwāʼ wa-al-niḥal, V 4, P 181)

Also Ibn Abd al-Barr, one of the greatest Sunni scholars mentions that a group of Sahabah knew Ali ibn Abi Talib as the first one who accepted Islam and he is superior to others. (Al-Isti’ab fi Ma’rifat al-ashab, V 3, 1090)

4- Abu Bakr himself confess he is not superior or the best:

“ولّیتکم وَ لَستُ بخیرکم”

“I accepted your leadership while I wasn’t your best”

(Ibn Sa’d Ibn Mani, Tabaqat Al-Kubra, V 3, P 182. Tafsir Al-Qurtobi, V 3, P 262. ibn Qutayba al-Dinawari, al-Imama wal-Siyasa, P 22. al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Kanz al-Ummal, V 5, P 636. And more…)

5- there are some valid and reliable narratives from Ali ibn Abi Talib in which he emphasize on his superiority. Ibn Abi’l Hadid narrates in Sharh Nahj-ul-Balaghah, V 10, Part 20, P 25:

وقال عثمان لعلی علیه السلام إنّک إن تربّصت بی فقد تربّصت بمن هو خیر منّی ومنک،

 قال: ومن هو خیر منّی؟

قال: أبو بکر وعمر.

فقال: کذبت ، أنا خیر منک ومنهما ، عبدت اللّه قبلکم وعبدته بعدکم.

“ Uthman told Ali: if you were waiting for me, I would be waiting for someone better than you and me.

Ali said: and who is better than me?

Uthman replied: Abu Bakr and Umar.

So Ali said: you lied, I am better than you and those two, (because) I have been worshipping Allah before you and after you.

Conclusion:

Overall, it turns out that not only those hadith about superiority of Caliphs to Ali ibn Abi Talib have not reliable sources, but also they are in contrary with the reality!

 When there are many authentic hadith from the prophet, Sahabah, Scholars and even Ali himself about his superiority to all, so just a few contrary statements cannot be acceptable. They are rejected by both Shia and Sunni sources.

?Why does Allah use the pronoun “we” in reference to himself in some verses of Quran

Why does Allah use the pronoun “we” in reference to himself in some verses of Quran?

 

Answer:

This question has several answers.

1. Although God is single and should use a singular word and pronoun when he refers to his acts, yet he has described himself as such many times in Quran. In Arabic and sometimes non-Arabic languages, the speaker may use plural pronouns instead of singular pronouns for several reasons.

The holy Quran has chosen the colloquial language of people which is the best way to communicate with them and people sometimes switch pronouns in their colloquial language. It is said in one of the verses of the holy Quran that: “انتم الفقراء الی الله…” “It is ye that have need of Allah” and the pronoun انتم “ye” is masculine while it’s a public address and includes men and women and any wise person understands that it means all people, not just men. In some languages including Arabic, about the plural and singular pronouns, we see that people use the plural pronoun many times instead of singular pronoun in which for both the pronouns “we” and “you” – that have a plural form – the speaker means singular, but the plural pronoun is used for courtesy, respect and honoring. So regarding the sublime Allah (God) “نحن” “we” is used for formality and courtesy.

Anyway, in order to mention his magnificence to addressee, the speaker uses the word “we” instead of using “I” which is a sign of magnificence and greatness of the speaker.

2. Sometimes using the plural pronoun is a sign of magnificence and greatness of the deed. Sometimes the speaker, in order to show the magnificence of the act that he has done, instead of saying I have done this, says we have done this; like: “إِنَّا انزَلْنَاهُ فِی لَیْلَةِ الْقَدْر” “We have indeed revealed this (Message) in the Night of Qadr” or “إِنَّا أَعْطَیْنَاکَ الْکَوْثَرَ” “To thee have we granted the Fount (of Abundance)” which is a sign of the magnificence of Quran and abundance.
3. The uniqueness of Allah (God) doesn’t mean that nobody or nothing in no way in creation and feeding and guidance and so on has any causality, but divine doctrine has required that he executes creating and feeding and guiding and most of his acts through his own instruments and channels.

For instance, although Allah (God) can heal the sick or satiate the hungry or guide the misled directly and without any medium, according to his doctrine he has chosen this way that for any deed he has determined specific channels and executes any deed through the same channel. Then he will satiate the hungry by the bread that he himself has created, heal the sick by the medicine that he himself has created and by the doctor that he has created and trained. Of course bread and doctor and medicine and all instruments take effect with his permission and have their own special results while medicine and doctor and bread and water and everything get their existence constantly from him and have these effects at his will then these effects do not disagree with oneness and uniqueness of Allah (God) in any aspect and they are not partners of Allah (God) but creatures that are in need of him in their everything including the effects that they have.

Then sometimes the sublime Allah (God), in order to attract our attention to the instruments that he has determined for executing a deed, instead of saying I did, states “we did”.

For example under 61^st verse of the Surah Yunus in Tafsir Nemooneh it is siad:

Plural form in reference to Allah (God), while his pure nature is unique and singular, is to indicate the magnificence of his status and the fact that there are always agents obeying him who are ready and present to obey his orders and in fact words are not only about him but from him and all those agents who are obedient to him.

؟Why did God create me to sin and then send me to hell

Question:

“I didn’t want to be created. Why did God create me to sin and then send me to hell to suffer a huge pain?”

Answer:

The sentence “I didn’t want to be created…” is basically wrong, because “I” didn’t exist at all so I couldn’t have meant to be created or to have wished to be created or not!

Without a shade of doubt every one not only likes to be created, but also loves the one who created him i.e. the Elevated God. When the benevolent creator created us he ingrained his love and the love of “being” in our nature. This is the creation and it never changes.

We know that God created humans from soil i.e. God granted a huge honor to that amount of worthless soil and appointed him as his successor. So everyone likes his or her existence and the idea “I disagree to be created” is not a real idea in our nature but a compelling slogan.

The question why God created us to sin and then send us to hell, is compelled by the disappointed Satan who has the knowledge that will be sent to hell, and it intends to deceive human beings to believe that they will be sent to hell too.
In order to achieve its purpose, it makes human hate the creation and the creator, because the hatred of creation is as same as the hatred of the benevolent creator.

God has never said that “I have created you to sin and then to send you to hell”, but he said “I created you in order to be a complete symbol of me, to be an emanation of my light, to be my successor, to love me, and I become your beloved”. If you want to achieve this perfection you must pass through the path which leads to cognition.

You sometimes may neglect and exit the path, do not worry about it. Stand up again and return to the path and continue. Be sure I myself will support you as if nothing has happened.

قُلْ یَا عِبَادِیَ الَّذِینَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ لاَ تَقْنَطُوا مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ یَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ جَمِیعاً إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِیمُ‌

“Say: o my servants who have transgressed against their souls! Despair not of the mercy of Allah: for Allah forgives all sins: for he is oft-forgiving, most merciful. (39:53).

God talks about love, kindness, perfection, and beauty all over the Quran and he says that all sins will be forgiven.

Now someone may say: “O God! I do not want to enjoy your blessings. I dislike to take the right path. I like totakethe wrong path which leads to hell.I do not want to enjoy your compassion, mercy, munificence, bounty, and forgiveness. But tell me why you created me to sin and go to hell?” This is his problem. He himself wants to go this path. This was the fault that Satan did and it tempts humans to do that again. If one obeys Satan instead of God, the Satan’s destiny will be his destiny too.

شناخت شناسنامه ای امام زمان (عج) 2: جوابی هوشمندانه و معنادار

                  

دلیل دومِ ضرورت شناخت امام زمان

جوابی هوشمندانه و معنا دار

دلیل دومِ ضرورت شناخت امام زمان:
   ««« " نشانه ایمان است " »»»

ابان بن تغلب می گوید: از امام صادق پرسیدم: اگر کسی تمام امامان را بشناسد ولی امام زمانش را نشناسد، آیا مؤمن است؟ حضرت فرمودند: خیر. دوباره پرسیدم: آیا مسلمان هست؟

حضرت در پاسخ فرمودند : ""بله""

کمال الدین و تمام النعمه

نتیجه ای مهم :
« هر مسلمانی، مومن نیست »

_____________________________________________________

جواب ذکی و ذو معنى

الدلیل الثانی لضرورة معرفة إمام الزمان:
"هو دلیل على الإیمان"

عن أبان بن تغلب قال : قلت لابی عبدالله : من عرف الائمة ولم یعرف الامام الذی فی زمانه أمؤمن هو؟ قال : لا ، قلت : أمسلم هو؟ قال: نعم.

المصدر : کتاب کمال الدین و تمام النعمة

نتیجة مهمة :
«لیس بالضرورة أن یکون کل مسلم مؤمن»

_________________________________________________________

A clever and meaningful answer

The second reason is the necessity of knowing the Imam of each era:
"It is a sign of faith"

 Aban ibn Taghlib says: “I asked Imam Sadiq: Is a person faithful if he knows all Imams except for the Imam of his own era? The Imam said: “No.” I asked again: Is he considered as a Muslim?

The Imam answered: “Yes.”

The Source: Kamal al-Din and Tamam Al-Nimeh

The important lesson:
"Every Muslim is not considered as a faithful one"

منجی در ادیان18: منجی در زرتشت

                  

به نظر میرسه اندیشه موعود گرایی زرتشت، سابقه‌ی بیشتری نسبت به سایر ادیان داشته باشه

منجی در زرتشت

 به نظر میرسه اندیشه موعود گرایی زرتشت، سابقه ی بیشتری نسبت به سایر ادیان داشته باشه؛ بخصوص کسانی که تاریخ تولد این پیامبر را ۶۰۰۰ یا ۱۱۰۰۰ سال قبل از میلاد مسیح می دانند. البته قول صحیح در تولد زرتشت - بر اساس مُستنداتی - حدود ۶۶۰ سال قبل از میلاد مسیح بوده است. ۱

 رسیدن به پیروزی نهایی، دست یابی به جهانی که در آن مُرادهای آدمی برآورده شود، چیرگی بر تمام بدیها و نیروهای اهریمنی، اوصاف منجی یا نجات دهندگان و ... به تفصیل در متون زرتشتی وجود دارد. لازم است بدانیم در متون زرتشتی، اصطلاحاتی وجود دارد که "درطول تاریخ، بار معنایی آنها تغییر یافته" در واقع تفسیرها و برداشتهای گوناگونی در این متون راه یافت! ۲

 ۱.ادیان بزرگ، توفیقی، ص۵۷؛ ۲.منجی در ادیان، زواردهی، ص۱۸۲

______________________________________________________________

المخلص فی الزرداشتیة

 یبدو أن فکرة الموعود زرداشت متأصلة أکثر من باقی الأدیان و على وجوه الخصوص عندما ینسب بعض الأشخاص ولادة هذا النبی للعام ۶۰۰۰ أو ۱۱۰۰۰ قبل میلاد المسیح . بالطبع إن التاریخ الصحیح لولادة زردشت حسب الوثائق یرجع إلى حدود السنة ۶۶۰ قبل میلاد المسیح(۱)

 تحقیق النصر الحاسم ، الوصول إلى العالم الذی تتحقق فیه جمیع تطلعات البشر، التغلب على جمیع الشرور و القوى الشیطانیة، جمیعها من أعمال المخلص أو المنقذون و ... و کل هذه الأعمال ذُکرت فی النصوص الزرداشتیة. من الواجب أن نعرف أنه هناک بعض المصطلحات فی النصوص الظرداشتیة قد تم تغییرها عبر التاریخ و فی الحقیقة تم تفسیر و فهم هذه النصوص بطرق و أشکال متعددة(۲)

 ۱. الأدیان العظمى، توفیقی، ص۵۷
۲. المخلص فی الأدیان، زواردهی، ص۱۸۲

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The Savior in Zoroastrianism

 It seems the thought of having a “savior” in Zoroastrianism has an older history than other religions. Especially for those who know the Zoroaster’s birthday 6000 or 11000 years before Christ. However, the right quote about Zoroaster’s birthday is approximately 660 years before Christ based on the documentations.1

 Achieving the final victory, reaching the world in which people’s wishes are met, overcoming the diabolic and evil forces as well as the descriptions of the savior or the saviors exist in Zoroastrian scriptures. It is necessary to know that there are terms in Zoroastrian texts which have changed in meaning throughout the history. In fact, different interpretations and understandings have influenced these texts.2

 1-A companion to great religions. Tawfiqi. p.57; 2-The Savior in Religions, R.S. Zavardehi. p.182

بالاترین لذت بعد از مسلمان شدن

???? رسول خدا(ص) می فرمایند: مرد مسلمان بعد از بهره اسلام هیچ لذت و بهره ای بالاتر از همسری مسلمان نخواهد برد که چون بدو نگرد مسرورش سازد و چون به او فرمان دهد اطاعتش نماید و در عدم حضورش از مال و آبروی او محافظت کند. (من لا یحضره الفقیه، ترجمه، ج5، ص19)

1️⃣ رسول خدا(ص) لذت همسردار شدن را در کنار مسلمان شدن قرار داده این یعنی بالاترین مرتبه در بین سایر لذات موجود یعنی اگر می خواهیم به بالاترین لذت برسیم، بنابر روایت، ازدواج کردن بهترین و بالاترین لذت بعد از مسلمان بودن است.

2️⃣ حضرت رسول (ص) می فرمایند که این لذت و بهره عظیم در ازدواج با یک همسر مسلمان است نه غیر مسلمان. ممکن است برخی این نکته را مطرح کنند که با فرد غیر مسلمان ازدواج کرده اند و زندگی خوب و خوشی را دارند، بله. ممکن است این اتفاق بیفتد ولی باید این نکته را فراموش نکرد که از نظر پیامبر (ص) بالاترین بهره و لذت از همسری مسلمان است و  موارد دیگر در رتبه بعدی قرار دارد. همچنین این نکته حائز اهمیت است که در صورت مختلف بودن ادیان زوجین، احتمال اختلاف به دلیل گوناگونی در انجام تکلیف و عبادات و نگرش مختلف به مسائل، بیش از پیش وجود دارد.

3️⃣ نکته دیگری که می توان از این روایت برداشت کرد این مطلب است که حضرت رسول (ص) ویژگی های یک همسر مسلمان و نمونه را که باعث لذت بردن همسرش از وی می شود (که البته بالاترین لذت و بهره هم بعد از مسلمانی است) نیز بیان می کنند. در واقع اگر زوجین می خواهند به بالاترین لذت و بهره بعد از مسلمان شدن برسند این نکات را باید در زندگی رعایت کنند.

برگرفته از گروه پژوهش واحد خانواده (قندآب)
موسسه فرهنگی هنری مصاف

THE USS LIBERTY, Every American Must Know

Stay with us for a few minutes to investigate the USS Liberty incident… “Liberty”, which was a cargo vessel during WWII, was converted into a spy vessel by the top secret U.S. National Security Agency, and was equipped with the most advanced electronic eavesdropping, tracing and signal transmission equipment.

Human Sacrifice – PART 1

This is Mr. Aleister Crowley. The jinn that appeared to him and dictated this book to him is named Aiwass. Mr. Crowley says he introduced himself as Aiwass to me. He says the devil sent Aiwass to me to send his revelation to me through him and I wrote down his dictation on the eighth, ninth, and tenth of April, in 1904; i. e, one hundred and seven years ago. This Mr. Aleister Crowley is a very strange and influential person in the history of the world. This man has said something weird hand strange. Notice what he says, he says that he has participated Babalon jinn, the lady in red, who is one of the mysteries of Freemasonry, with his semen, in the womb of dozens of women.

هدیه دادن مرد به همسرش

پیامبر اکرم(ص) می فرمایند :«هبه الرجل لزوجته تزید فی عفتها» هدیه دادن مرد به همسرش عفت او را افزایش می دهد.????(من لا یحضره الفقیه ج4 ص381)

یکی از مواردی که باعث می شود عفت زن افزایش یابد هدیه دادن است.وقتی به همه روایات دراین زمینه نگاه می کنیم متوجه این مطلب می شویم که دین ما عوامل متعددی را برای افزایش عفت زوجین و به تبع زن، افزایش تحکیم بنیان خانواده، مطرح کرده است.یکی از این موارد هدیه دادن زوجین به یکدیگر است. وقتی مردی به همسرش هدیه ای می دهد در واقع آرامش و عشق را به او منتقل می کند. در واقع هر چه این محبت و عشق و صمیمیت میان زوجین زیاد شود زن و مرد آرامش بیشتری به هم منتقل می کنند و نتیجه اش این می شود که طرفین، فقط خانواده خود را مرکز آرامش و عشق و تخلیه نیازهای جنسی خویش می دانند فلذا این مساله باعث افزایش عفت می شود.یکی دیگر از مواردی که باعث افزایش عفت می شود آراستگی زن و مرد برای یکدیگر (در حریم خانواده) است. که براساس روایات تاثیر مستقیم بر عفت زوجین دارد.

گروه پژوهش واحد خانواده (قندآب)
موسسه فرهنگی هنری مصاف

تجربانه

سلام
چند وقتی بین من و خانواده همسرم اختلاف عمیقی وجود داشت. سوتفاهم ها باعث شده بود که هر دو طرف نسبت به هم دچار کینه و کدورت شوند.

من از این اتفاق بسیار ناراحت بودم و این کینه خود من رو داشت از پا در میاورد

پس از شرکت در یک دوره آموزشی یاد گرفتم که احساسم رو نسبت به آنها تصحیح کنم و این کینه را از دل خودم پاک کنم تا آرامش داشته باشم.

چند روز بعد به طور سرزده خانواده شوهرم به دیدنم آمدند.
آمدنشان برایم بسیار تعجب انگیز بود
از اون جالبتر اینکه این بار که آمدند فضای گفتگوی بین ما خیلی متفاوت از قبل بود
قبلا هرچقدر با هم گفتگو میکردیم  منجر به سوتفاهم و ناراحتی ودلخوری میشد

ولی این بار من یاد گرفته بودم با زبان متفاوتی با ایشان صحبت کنم و آنها هم به طرز عجیبی حرفم را  درک میکردند.
کسانی که ماهها بود بابت هیچ کدام از مسائل پیش امده مرا درک نمیکردند و به من حق نمیدادند ،امروز آمده بودند تا اختلافاتمان را حل کنیم و حالا امروز همان حرفهای قبل را به زبانی جدید و با با دلی خالی از کینه برایشان میگفتم ، درکم میکردند و بهم حق می دادند

آن روز یک ساعتی با هم گفتگو کردیم و پس از آن تا کنون که  دو سه سالی میگذرد خداروشکر روابطمان خوب است
خوشحالم که آنهمه کینه وکدورت در دلهایمان نماند

آموختم که وقتی حس درونی قلبم نسبت به کسی کینه و نفرت باشد و طریقه ی درست حرف زدن را بلد نباشم روابط خراب و خرابتر میشود
و وقتی احساسم را اصلاح کنم ، کینه و نفرت را حذف کنم و  طبق اصول گفتگو حرف بزنم حرفم درک می شود.